• Color: Betta fish come in a variety of colors, including red, blue, green, purple, and even rare colors like yellow or black. Their colors can change slightly depending on mood and lighting.
• Fins: Tey  are known for their large, colorful fins. The shape of the fins can vary, with types such as veiltail, crowntail, halfmoon, and plakat (shorter fins).
• Size: Adult bettas typically range from 2.5 to 3 inches in length.

2. Habitat

• Native Region: They eare native to Southeast Asia, particularly Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. They thrive in warm, shallow, and slow-moving waters like rice paddies, ponds, and marshes.
• Water Conditions:
  • Temperature: 76°F to 82°F (24°C to 28°C)
  • pH: 6.5 to 7.5
  • Hardness: Soft to moderate water hardness
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• They can live in smaller aquariums due to their adaptation to confined spaces in the wild. However, a minimum of 5 gallons is recommended for proper care.

3. Diet

• Feeding: They are carnivorous, feeding on insects, larvae, and small fish in the wild. In captivity, they eat:
  • Betta pellets or flakes (specially formulated)
  • Live or frozen foods like brine shrimp, bloodworms, or daphnia
  • Variety is important to ensure they get the proper nutrients

4. Behavior

• Territorial Nature: Tey are highly territorial, especially males. When two males are placed in the same space, they will often fight until one backs down. This is why they are often kept individually in aquariums.
• Aggression: Males can also show aggression toward other species with long fins or brightly colored fish, interpreting them as rivals.
• Personality: It can become accustomed to human presence and may even recognize their owners over time, responding to feeding and interaction.

5. Lifespan

• Average Lifespan: 3 to 5 years, though some may live longer with exceptional care.

6. Breeding

• Courtship: During the breeding process, the male creates a bubble nest on the surface of the water, which he defends. The female approaches, and if she’s receptive, the male will perform an intricate courtship dance.
• Eggs: After mating, the female lays eggs which are collected in the bubble nest by the male. The male cares for the eggs until they hatch.
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7. Common Health Issues

• Fin Rot: Caused by poor water conditions or injury, leading to the deterioration of the fins.
• Ich (White Spot Disease): A parasitic infection that causes white spots on the body and fins.
• Swim Bladder Disease: A condition that affects buoyancy, often due to overfeeding or constipation.

8. Varieties

• Crown Tail : Has spiky, elongated fins resembling a crown.
• Halfmoon : Known for its tail that spreads into a 180° semicircle.
• Plakat : A variant with shorter fins that resembles the wild type.
• Double Tail : Has two caudal fins instead of one.

Bettas make great pets due to their beauty and relatively low care needs, but it’s important to remember their territorial nature and provide proper living conditions.

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